The article is an analytical study of changes in the nature of modern logistics. The purpose of the considerations undertaken is to identify the essence and nature of the modern multidimensionality of logistics from the point of view of science and economic practice. The research problem is to determine whether institutional economics at the current stage of its development is up to the task arising from the purpose of the considerations undertaken? Finding an answer to the problem question should be helped by the achievements of the new institutional economics It is reasonable to pose a hypothesis: "The multidimensionality of modern logistics is a response to the civilization challenges of the modern world. An effective approach in its recognition is to identify through the prism of the paradigm of institutional economics evoking its structural elements, that is, "social ceremonies"; "technologies"; "philosophy" and "environment" surrounded by a "safety belt." The research methods to achieve the stated goal are the analysis of the literature on the subject as well as economic practice and its synthesis of its conclusions, allowing to characterize the multidimensionality of modern logistics, based on the set of essential determinants assigned to them. Its picture identified in this way makes it possible to see both besides its positive sides also its negative sides, and to indicate the place of logistics in economic practice now and in the future. Such an approach should also allow, based on past experience, to develop also research arguments for the theory of logistics, as well as directives for shaping economic practice for the present and the future.